Gwynne tiene 15 mil filas de datos en tres columnas. A ella le gustaría que los datos se imprimieran con 6 columnas por página. Por ejemplo, los primeros 50 nombres en A2: C51, luego los siguientes 50 nombres en E2: G51. Luego mueva las terceras 50 filas a A52: C101 y así sucesivamente.
En lugar de resolver esto con fórmulas, usaré un poco de Excel VBA para reorganizar los datos.
La macro de VBA dejará los datos en A: C. Aparecerá una columna en blanco en D. Los nuevos datos aparecerán en D: F, la columna en blanco en G, los nuevos datos en H: J.
Nota
Hace casi 10 años, respondí una pregunta sobre cómo combinar 1 columna en 6 columnas. En el caso, los datos se organizaron horizontalmente, con Apple en C1, Banana en D1, Cherry en E1,… Fig en H1, luego Guava comenzando en C2 y así sucesivamente. En ese entonces, respondí la pregunta usando fórmulas. Puedes ver ese viejo video: aquí.
El primer paso es averiguar cuántas filas caben en su página impresa. No omita este paso. Antes de comenzar con la macro, debe hacer todas estas cosas:
- Establecer los márgenes en la pestaña Diseño de página de la cinta
- Si desea que los títulos de la Fila 1 se repitan en cada página, use Diseño de página, Filas para repetir en la parte superior y especifique 1: 1
- Especifique los encabezados y pies de página que aparecerán en cada página.
- Copie los títulos de A1: C1 a E1: G1.
- Copie los títulos de A1: C1 a I1: K1.
- Especifique E: K como rango de impresión
- Complete los números del 1 al 100 en E2: E101 con
=ROW()-1
Una vez que todas las configuraciones de la página sean correctas, use Ctrl + P para mostrar el documento de Vista previa de impresión. Si es necesario, haga clic en el mosaico Mostrar vista previa de impresión en el medio de la pantalla. En la Vista previa de impresión, busque el último número de fila en la página 1. En mi caso, es 46. Este será un número importante en el futuro.
Para crear la macro, siga estos pasos:
- Guarde su libro de trabajo con un nombre nuevo en caso de que algo salga mal. Por ejemplo: MyWorkbookTestCopy.xlsx
- Presione alt = "" + F11 para abrir el Editor de VBA
- En el menú de VBA, elija Insertar, Módulo
-
Copie el siguiente código y péguelo en la ventana de código
Sub WrapThem() ' the following line says XLUP not x1up ! FinalRow = Cells(Rows.Count, 1).End(xlUp).Row ' Change 46 to match your Rows Per Page RowsPerPage = 46 NextRow = 2 NextCol = 5 For i = 2 To FinalRow Step RowsPerPage Cells(NextRow, NextCol).Resize(RowsPerPage, 3).Value = _ Cells(i, 1).Resize(RowsPerPage, 3).Value If NextCol = 5 Then NextCol = 9 Else NextCol = 5 NextRow = NextRow + RowsPerPage End If Next i End Sub - Busque la línea que dice
RowsPerPage = 46y reemplace el 46 con el número de filas que encontró en su Vista previa de impresión.
Aquí hay algunas otras cosas que podría tener que cambiar según sus datos:
La FinalRow =línea busca la última entrada en la columna 1. Si sus datos comenzaron en la columna C en lugar de la columna A, cambiaría esto:
FinalRow = Cells(Rows.Count, 1).End(xlUp).Rowa esto
FinalRow = Cells(Rows.Count, 3).End(xlUp).RowEn este ejemplo, el primer lugar para los nuevos datos será la celda E2. Esta es la fila 2, columna 5. Si tiene cinco líneas de títulos y sus nuevos datos van a comenzar en G6, cambiaría NextRow = 2a NextRow = 6. Cambie NextCol = 5a NextCol = 7(porque la columna G es la séptima columna).
En este ejemplo, los datos comienzan en A2 (justo después de los encabezados en la fila 1). Si tiene 3 líneas de encabezados, sus datos comenzarían en A4. Cambie esta línea:
For i = 2 To FinalRow Step RowsPerPagea esta línea:
For i = 4 To FinalRow Step RowsPerPageMis columnas de salida aparecen en la columna E (quinta columna) y la columna I (novena columna). Digamos que tiene cuatro columnas de datos. Los datos originales están en B: E. Coloque el primer conjunto de columnas en G: J y L: O. G es la séptima columna. L es la duodécima columna. En el siguiente texto, cambie de 3 a 4 en dos lugares porque tiene 4 columnas en lugar de 3. Cambie de 5 a 7 en dos lugares porque la primera columna de salida es G en lugar de E. Cambie de 9 a 12 porque la segunda columna de salida es L en lugar de yo.
Cambia esto:
Cells(NextRow, NextCol).Resize(RowsPerPage, 3).Value = _ Cells(i, 1).Resize(RowsPerPage, 3).Value If NextCol = 5 Then NextCol = 9 Else NextCol = 5 NextRow = NextRow + RowsPerPage End Ifa esto:
Cells(NextRow, NextCol).Resize(RowsPerPage, 4).Value = _ Cells(i, 1).Resize(RowsPerPage, 4).Value If NextCol = 7 Then NextCol = 12 Else NextCol = 7 NextRow = NextRow + RowsPerPage End IfAhora está listo para ejecutar la macro. Guarde el libro de trabajo una última vez.
En la ventana de VBA, haga clic en cualquier lugar dentro de la macro. En la siguiente figura, el cursor está justo después Sub WrapThem(). Haga clic en la tecla F5 o haga clic en el icono Ejecutar como se muestra a continuación.
Regrese a Excel. Debería ver resultados como este:
Asegúrese de que el apellido en la columna E de la página 1 esté seguido correctamente por el nombre en la columna I de la página 1.
Ver video
Estos pasos se explican en este video:
Transcripción del video
Aprenda Excel para Podcast, Episodio 2194: Columnas de ajuste.
Oye, bienvenido de nuevo a Netcast, soy Bill Jelen. Pregunta de hoy, enviada por Gwen. Gwen está viendo el video 984, que se llamó Columnas furtivas. Esto es de hace años, y de hecho usé una fórmula para resolver esto en ese entonces, pero este problema de los gemelos es más complicado.
So she has a three column worksheet with around 15,000 rows. and needs to make each page six columns. So, on the first page, these 60 cells; and then next to it, the next 60 cells. Now, Gwen has figured out that she can fit about 60 rows. But for anyone else watching this, the most important part here is to figure out how many rows because you'll really screw things up if you make any of these changes after the fact.
Alright, so for me, what I'm going to do is I'm going to come here to page layout, I'm gonna declare that these seven columns are going to be my print area-- Print Area, Set Print Area. I'm going to go into Print Titles and say that “Rows to repeat at top” is 1:1. I'm going to go… Actually, I'd like to use Margins here-- Margins, Narrow, and then back in the Page Setup, Header/Footer, and choose whatever my, you know, Custom Footer should be-- Confidential. Do all of the those settings, anything you're ever going to change first. Alright? Because that's going to change the number of rows per page.
Now, I'm going to type in the number 1 here, this is just going to be some temporary data. I'm going to hold down the Ctrl key and grab the Fill handle, and go down until I'm sure I'm past the first page like that. And then, we'll just do a Print Preview-- Ctrl+P, Show Print Preview-- and you'll notice that I have 46 rows that fit on the first page. And let's just check, go to the second page-- so 46 plus 46 is 92, so we're getting 46 rows per page, 46 rows per page. That number is incredibly important-- 46. In fact, I'm going to write it down over here just so I don't forget-- 46 rows per page.
Alright, now, I'm going to solve this today with a Macro; back in video 984, I used some complex formulas to do it, but today a macro feels better. If you've never used macros before don't be intimidated. Here's how we start: We press Alt+F11-- Alt+F11-- that brings open this screen and actually, the very first time that you open Alt+F11, it's going to be just a big gray screen-- probably a lot like this-- like that. So you want to say, View, Project Explorer, Find your workbook here, and say Insert Module-- I've already done that-- and what we'll get-- and what we get-- is a white screen. And over here in this white screen, you're going to type this code, alright? The word "Sub" which means that this is a subroutine, and then any naming you want-- I call it WrapThem, no spaces there, so just jam everything together-- open and closing parenthesis. Then we're we're going to create a variable: FinalRow = Cells(Rows.Count, 1).End, and these four letters here are XL, not X1-- everybody screws this up, XL. And you can type it in all caps if you want but they're going to change it back to that format where the L looks like a 1-- don't put a 1 there. Rows.Per.Page-- and this is where you put whatever number you figured out. Now, for me it's 46; for Gwen, it sounds like it's 60. And then, the next row where we want the first data to go is Row 2, and then the next column-- 1, 2, 3, 4, 5-- is Column 5.
Alright, so I set this up. And then, the rest of this is going to be very, very generic. it's going to work with, you know, any size data set: For I (it's a variable) = 2 To FinalRow (that's how many rows we had) Step (that means every time through the loop we're going to increase by) RowsPerPage (which in this case is 46, for Gwen's case it's going be 60). We're going to say: Cells(NextRow, NextCol) -- so, next row's going to be 2, Column 5-- .Resize(RowsPerPage, 3) -- resize 46 rows, 3 columns-- .Value = _ (and that's an underscore there) It's going to be equal to Cells(1, 1) -- so whatever is in Row 2 comma 1, Column 1-- .Resize(RowsPerPage, 3).Value. And then, what we have to do is, we have to be a little bit clever here about after we paste the first 46 times 46 rows, by 3 columns.
Where do we go next? There, right? So, if currently, the next column is pointing to Column E, well, then I need the next one to go to Column I. I is the ninth column. Alright. So that's why we say NextCol = 5. But if we're not… NextCol = 5 that means our NextCol = 9. Then we're going to reset the next group back to Column E and the NextRow is going to be = whatever the previous row was, + 46. And then next time… now here, let's just walk through this, you don't have to run it one step at a time. But I'm going to do that with F8-- just to see what we get here.
And so, what we've learned, is the final row is real-- 15,582. We're about to write to row 2, column 5. And so: For I = 2 To FinalRow. The first time through, I is going to be equal to 2. We're going to say that Row 2, Column 5, is going to be equal to Row 2, Column 1-- 46 rows, 3 columns. I want to run this with F8. We'll look over here in the spreadsheet and we'll see that it turned out those first 46 came to this area. Alright. But, we're going to let this run again. Alright.
Now, the second time through the loop, the I has jumped up from 2 to 48. Alright. And so this time, we're going to be running to Row 2, Column 9, and we're going to be getting data from Row 48. Alright, now let's go check this one right here. So, what we see is Andy Hartley-- that works great-- down here at the end, Kelly Ferguson. But the next person should be Lue Rahman-- Rahman-- and that works, and it goes down to Lue Harvey, right there. Alright. Now, what we're hoping next time, is we get Barb Davison. I'll press F8 few more times, here's the next one and we look, and it's now writing to Row 48. Alright. And it's Barb Davison, and it appears to be working. At this point, I'm happy with it, I'm just going to click run.
And, actually, you don't have to go-- if you're not creating a video to explain this to somebody-- you don't have to go through and press F8; you could just come up here, click inside WrapThem, click run, and that fast it will take your data and wrap it into two columns.
Now, some things I see here-- Surname isn't wide enough, that should not affect our page layout, I'm hoping. And when I do Print Preview, I now have 170 pages. Data there, Page 2, Page 3, Page 4. Now, if we would change the margins at this point, everything is going to be screwed up-- it's going to be horrible. That's why it's really, really important, right up front, you have to do all of your page layout things before you calculate that 46. Now, of course, at this point, Save your workbook with a new name, alright? We don't want to destroy the personal workbook. And then you can delete columns A through D, and you have your results.
Now, if you want to learn about macros-- macros are incredibly powerful-- we probably could have solved this with a formula. And, certainly, the me from 10 years ago solved it with a formula, but at this point in my life, just a simple little 15 line macro is a lot easier. This book, by Tracy Syrstad and myself, will teach you all about macros.
Alright, wrap-up for this Episode: How to wrap 3 columns of data in 2 sets of columns per page. The super important step, you have to do all the page setup things first, Rows to Repeat at Top, Margins, Header/Footer, and then just type some numbers-- 1 through whatever-- I use the Fill handle with control; go to Print Preview, How many rows per page; switch over to Alt+F11; Insert a module and then type the code that I showed you in the video; click run. And most of the time, I advise people to save your workbook as xlsm, but in this case this was a one-time thing, I'm suspecting. So if you're, you know, just want to have that macro disappear, keep it as xlsx, save the file, it'll warn you that you're about to lose your macro. That's probably okay, because we've solved the problem well.
Oye, quiero agradecer a Gwen por enviar esa pregunta, quiero agradecerles por pasar. Nos vemos la próxima vez para otro netcast de.
